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I.C.A.R. Sponsored Programmes
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i) Krishi Vigyan Kendra |
The farm science centre (Krishi Vigyan Kendra) is an institution sponsored by Indian Council of Agricultural Research New Delhi. It is a grass root level institution which is devoted to impart skill oriented programmes to the rural mass by organizing short and long term vocational training courses, for income generation, demonstration of latest technological development on the station and technology assessment as well as refinement in the farmer's field conditions.
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Mandate of KVKs |
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Thrust area of KVKs |
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The Krishi Vigyan Kendra, West Singhbhum was established in 1982-83 at Jagannathpur. It was the only KVK sanctioned to B. A. U. for more than one decade. During 2003-2004, two KVKs were sanctioned i.e KVK, Palamau and remandated KVK, Dumka. During 2004-2005, nine more KVKs were sanctioned namely Garhwa, Chatra, Bokaro, Giridih, Sahabganj, Pakur, East SinghBhum , Dhanbad and Lohardaga districts. The remandated KVK, Dumka was declared as full fledged KVK. |
ii) Institution-Village Linkage Programme (IVLP) |
During initiation of the NATP since 1999-2000 a number of farmer friendly technologies have been evolved through PSR mode by Birsa Agricultural University , The technologies have been reported to be contributing to overcome the production problems of rainfed agriculture covering the thematic areas of water management, post-harvest management and post-harvest value addition. For extrapolation of these technologies further assessment and refinement are required. Keeping this in view emphasis has been given to incorporate such technology interventions/modules in the agenda of technology assessment in refinement. After reviewing the previous year's programme the technical programme has been developed for the year 2004-2005. |
Research Achievements |
Agro-ecosystem diagnostic analysis following the PRA tools and techniques was conducted in order to inventorize the biophysical and socio-economic factors and characterize the resource base and thereby identify the micro-farming situations. Twelve distinct micro situations have been identified including six topo sequences for rice crop. A total number of 28 production problems were identified. The problems after prioritization were analysed through problem-cause diagrams and intervention points were identified. The possible solutions for each prioritized intervention point was inventoried and appropriate ones were selected following the Farmer Participatory Approaches for technology intervention for their assessment and refinement. Accordingly the details of technology interventions were perpared. During the year 2004-2005, a total no. of 25 technology interventions/ modules (OFT 11 & VT-14) were decided for implementation. Out of 25 technology interventions/ modules 14 (OFT-8 & VT-6) were selected from the PSR mode of NATP. Required observations as per the predetermined technical and economic indicators/ performance indicators were recorded along with the farmers' reactions. |
Research Highlights |
• Results of OFT on increasing productivity of upland through pigeonpea and rice intercropping with suitable varieties and nutrient management showed that intercropping of pigeonpea with improved rice cultivar Birsa gora gave higher yield of rice (27.6 q/ha) along with additional yield (18.5 q/ha) of pigeon pea. • Results of OFT on mulching in ginger showed that mulching of ginger field with polythene sheet gave higher yield (88.6 q/ha) due to conservation of soil moisture during the growth phase of ginger. • Results of OFT on production of disease free healthy seedlings of vegetables showed that sowing of seeds treated with fungicide Bavistin @ 2g/ kg seed in the Formalin treated, nursery beds gave 68.10 per cent more healthy seedlings than the farmers practice. • Results of OFT on exploring possibilities of improving locally available feeds for increasing milk production in cows showed that the concentrate feeding made from locally available farm products and byproducts for three months along with grazing to the lactating cattle enhanced the milk yield by 38.40 per cent daily. • Results of OFT on increasing keeping quality of stored grains through improved bins and use of indigenous additives showed that storage of seeds in improved bins with neem leaves minimize the damage of seeds up to 9.1 per cent from storage grain pests. • Results of OFT on increasing productivity of upland rice through integrated weed management showed that chemical control of weeds gave more yield (26.9 q/ha) which was slightly higher than integrated weed management (24.1 q/ ha). Keeping cost of chemicals in view integrated weed management was finally recommended to adopt. • Results of OFT on integrated plant nutrient management in upland rice through green manuring with greengram and use of balanced fertilizers showed that green manuring with moong bean with moderate dose of nutrients gave higher yield (14.0 q/ha) of upland rice. • Results of OFT on integrated plant nutrient management in lowland rice through green manuring with cowpea and moderate dose of nutrients showed that green manuring with cow pea with moderate dose of nutrients gave higher yield (26.13 q/ ha) of low land rice. • Results of OFT on management of browning of curds and hollowness of stem in rabi cauliflower through spraying of borax showed that two sprayings of borax @ 0.2 percent reduced the browning and hollowness of curd with increased yield (123.1 q/ha). • Results of OFT on assessment of rice drying practice to minimize losses in milling and storage showed that improved device for drying i.e., sun drying rack dry the rice grain with minimum time (7.5 hours) up to desired level with high rice recovery percent (62.10%) and minimum rice damage percent (8.66%). |
iii) Mission Mode Project on Collection, Documentation and Validation of Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK) under NATP |
The Mission Mode on "Collection, Documentation, and Validation of ITK" under NATP was formally launched on 15.7.2000 at JNKVV, Jabalpur . One of the 10 Zonal Coordinating Centres is BAU, Ranchi which is the Zonal centre representing agro climatic Zone VIII, covering the States of Bihar and Jharkhand. It is a matter of proud for Birsa Agricultural University that the largest numbers of TTKs were selected for their validation from this zone. The multidisciplinary and inter institutional approach was followed in project execution. The salient achievements during the year 2004-2005 are as follows. A total no. of 81TKs for cross sectoral validation were selected during the year. The findings of the validation will be utilized to disseminate certain ITKs among farmers for their adoption in similar environments and fewITKs will be modified by their blending with modern scientific technologies in order to generate sustainable agricultural technologies. The details on findings of the experiment are as follows Control of case worm (Nymphula depunctalis) in rice by leaves of Parsa and Sali: Caseworms are very common in the area of Khaspokharia village of West Singhbhum district in Jharkhand. Fresh leaves of Parsa (Clestanthus collinus) and Sali (Boswellia serrata) are spread in insect - infested field @ 5 kg leaves per 100 m2 to control insect infestation in rice fields. Cross-sectoral field study revealed that Parsa leaves @ 100 kg/ ha after transplanting helps in reducing both the rice caseworm infestation and larvae population in rice. Control of shoot and fruit borer through use of tobacco soaked water in brinjal: Shoot and fruit borer in brinjal are very common in kowakol, Sokhodeora, Jorawardih and Mananiyatari villages of Nawada district of Bihar. Tobacco is soaked in water overnight and the extracted liquid is filtered and sprayed on the affected plants with soap or detergent powder. The ratio of water and tobacco in solution is 10:2. As reported by respondents due to shoot and fruit borer brinjal yield reduces up to about 75%.l control in brinjal through the use of tobacco-soaked water is effective up to 80-85% . Through Qulk matrix scoring and field experiments of two seasons data it is concluded that for controlling shoot and fruit borer in brinjal one may use either tobacco so water or endosulphan. Both the treatments were found equally good in controlling shoot and fruit borer in brinjal crop. However, use of tobacco soaked water is friendly and safer with health point as well as economically sound. Control of insect pest in cucurbits, cowpea and lady's finger by spraying urine domestic animals mixed with tobacco soaked water: Insects on leaves and fruits cucurbits, cowpea and lady's finger are very common. These are controlled by spra urine of domestic animals mixed with tobacco soaked water. This age-old practice been adopted by 56 % farmers in Bahadurpur village of Dhanbad district in Jharkhand Use of animal urine mixed with tobacco soaked water was found to be equally eff as that of use of monocrotophos in controlling fruit borer in lady's finger. Control of insect pest by spraying starch, animal urine and dusting of cowdung ash vegetables: The sticky nature of starch and uric acid of animal urine helps in killing insects. Dusting of cowdung ash helps in control of biting and chewing type specially aphids. Rice starch and animal urine are spread on vegetable plants. Th traditional practices are adopted by 85% farmers in the Kurchi village of Dhan district in Jharkhand. It conclusion, spraying of animal urine mixed with starch followed by dusting of dung ash was found to be effective in controlling insects in lady's finger. Control of gallfly (Pachydiplosis oryzae) in rice through use of Parso/Persu leaves: G (P. oryzae) is very harmful to rice crop. It damages whole crop of rice. Farmers of T block of Ranchi district in Jharkhand use parso/prsu (Ceistanthus collinus) leaves controlling gallfly. In this practice, fresh leaves of parsu/ persu are collected and sp in the infested field without processing. About 10 kg leaves are required for 1,000 area. These leaves are spread at the initial stage of infestation. It was concluded that the ITK using parso leaves to contol rice gallfly is quite eff and almost at par with the recommended practice of using carbofuran 3G. Treatment of fracture by paste of harjore (Lisus quadrangularis) in cattle, buffalo goats: Harjore is a perennial climber, which is used in treatment of bone fracture animals as well as in human beings. This practice is being use by the villag Samtoli of Simdega district in Jharkhand. Paste is prepared by crushing the plant and it is applied on the fractured part and then tied along with sticks. At every day interval, it is replaced by fresh harjor paste and this process is continued for 2 weeks. It was concluded that harjore plant possessed bone-healing properties but it could heal before 60 days. |
iv) Improvement in the Nutritional profile of Tribals of Ranchi district of Jharkhand
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| The ICAR Adhoc scheme entitled, "Improvement in the Nutritional profile of Tribals of Ranchi district of Jharkhand" was implemented in the University for a total period of three years with effect from 01.08.2002. Survey was conducted during the period 2002 2003 to generate data on food consumption pattern, dietary habit, food and nutrient intake, extent of malnutrition and level of knowledge regarding indigenous and modern health and nutrition practices. A well structured pre-tested questionnaire and PRA exercises were being used for data collection from 200 respondents. The intake of food for three consecutive days were collected from the respondents using 24 hrs recall method followed by weightment method. For the assessment of physical growth, anthropometric measurements like height, weight, midarm circumference and triceps skin fold were taken as per standard method of Jelliffe (1966). For the purpose of assessing prevalence of anaemia, haemoglobin levels were determined with the help of pathologist. Data is under analysis, however, preliminary report suggests that tribal diet is pre-dominantly cereal based and inadequate in terms of both quality and quantity. The intake of all foods, except cereal, was less than RDA in all the age groups. The intake of protective foods such as fruits, vegetables, fats/oils, sugar / Jaggery, flesh foods were much below than the suggested levels. To have a year round supply of fruits and Vegetables, kitchen garden is very effective, hence taken as one of intervention for improving the nutritional profile of selected tribes. Adopted families were encouraged to cultivate vegetables and fruits in their backyards. This programme consisted training of tribals, both men and women in growing vegetable and fruit plants. Training was imparted on the principle of learning by doing. The training was organized in the villages. After the training vegetable seeds and fruit plants were supplied to the farmers. This helped to put the training into practices during 2003-2004 and 2004-2005. Two on campus trainings of 3 days duration on "Krishi Proudiogiki and Poshahar Suraksha" were organized on 5-7 April and 11-13 May, 2004 respectively in Kisan Bhawan. In each training altogether 40 participants took part.
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